NEET PG 2025 Previous Year Questions

The image below highlights the jugular foramen. Which of the following does NOT pass through this foramen?

Image below highlights jugular foramen. Which of the following structures do not pass through the marked structure “A”?

The image shows a congenital cardiac defect. Abnormal development of which branch of aortic arch leads to this defect?

During a neck dissection, a nerve was identified and marked that is most likely the vagus nerve (CN X). Which of the following is NOT a functional component of the vagus nerve?

What are the contents of Umbilical cord?

What is the correct nerve supply to the muscles labelled as A and B?

A Patients presents with ankle pain and swelling after a forceful eversion injury. Based on the mechanism of injury, which ligament is most likely to be damaged?

During hyperextension, the long head of triceps gets detached from which site?

A girl presented with foot injury and gave history of forceful eversion of foot. Which of the following structure is affected the most?

A patient presents with muscle wasting, reduced tone, and weakness in the left hand. Fine motor movements like dough kneading are impaired. Which of the following structure is most likely affected?

By what primary mechanism does hydrochlorothiazide help prevent the formation of calcium stones?

Which of the following is Mitochondrial inheritance disorder

A man is climbing a mountain for trekking. Based on his physiological response to the high altitude, what is the most likely primary acid-base abnormality in his blood?

A 20-year-old boy got severe pain due to hyperextension of shoulder while training in the gym. The trainer expected a probable disruption of the structure marked “A” in the image below. Which site is affected?

A child presents with a history of fractures, multiple petechiae, perifollicular hemorrhages, and gum bleeding. Which of the following enzyme defects is involved?

Patients administered sevoflurane and succinylcholine for abdominal surgery and develops post-operative muscle rigidity. What is the drug of choice here?

A person with jaundice presented with a history of bleeding and symptoms normalised after giving Vitamin K injection. The probable cause is?

A patient was administered a muscle relaxant and subsequently developed erythema, facial flushing, and hypotension. Which drug is most likely responsible for these symptoms?

A man is trapped in a tunnel for 5 consecutive days without access to food but survives. What is the primary source of energy for his brain during this period?

A patient has elevated phenylalanine levels (40 mg/dL), but phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme levels are normal. Which cofactor deficiency is most likely responsible for this condition?

A patient presents with anemia, positive Romberg sign, and other neurological findings suggestive of vitamin B12 deficiency. Laboratory findings show elevated homocysteine levels. Which amino acid is likely to be deficient in this patient?

A neonate presents with seizures and is found to have a cherry red spot on fundus examination. Enzyme assay reveals deficiency of hexosaminidase A. Which of the following substances is most likely to be accumulated in this patient?

A patient presents with skin cancer and hyperpigmentation that worsens with sunlight exposure. Which of the following DNA repair mechanisms is most likely defective in this condition?

A 22-year-old tall male presents with long limbs, increased arm span, hypermobile joints, and high-arched palate. On examination, he has lens subluxation and a diastolic murmur suggestive of aortic root dilation. Which of the following genes is most likely mutated in this condition?

A patient presents with orange-colored tonsils. Laboratory investigations reveal triglyceride level of 140 mg/dL and HDL cholesterol of 5 mg/dL. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A patient presents with elevated total cholesterol, subcutaneous xanthomas, and a positive family history of similar findings. Triglyceride levels are normal (<140 mg/dL). What is the most likely type of familial dyslipidemia?

Which of the following types of cell death involves activation of caspase enzymes?

A 68-year-old man presents with bleeding manifestations. Peripheral smear shows the presence of cells shown below. Which of the following is the most common chromosomal abnormality seen in this condition?

A lymphoma characterized by the presence of centrocytes and centroblasts, along with BCL2 positivity and CD10 expression, is most commonly associated with which chromosomal translocation?

A 30-year-old man presents with a painless testicular mass. An ultrasound shows a well- circumscribed, homogeneous, non-hemorrhagic testicular tumor. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A child presents with visual disturbances and delayed growth. Imaging reveals a suprasellar mass, and histopathology shows the presence of "wet keratin" (compact, eosinophilic anucleate keratin). What is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following laboratory techniques is most commonly used to compare and quantify CD markers on cells?

A patient presents with a mass in the front of the neck, along with odynophagia and dyspnea. Histopathology reveals tumor cells positive for TTF-1, synaptophysin, and chromogranin, and there is evidence of amyloid deposition. What is the most likely diagnosis?

An urban city has a population of 70,00,000, with 30% residing in slum areas. How many UPHCs are required for the slum population?

Identify the mosquito without a siphon tube and which rests parallel to the surface of water?

A middle-aged woman presents with dry eyes and dry mouth. Laboratory tests reveal positive anti-Ro (SSA) and anti-La (SSB) antibodies. What is the most likely underlying pathological mechanism?

A 60-year-old diabetic patient with COVID-19 succumbed to death in the hospital. Which type of surveillance does this death report fall under?

Benralizumab acts on which receptor?

A dietary survey report indicates that the 5-year survival rate for breast cancer has increased following the introduction of a new screening method. However, autopsy data shows no change in overall mortality. What type of bias does this scenario illustrate?

A woman diagnosed with migraine and has a family history of coronary artery disease has previously been treated with sumatriptan. What is the drug of choice for migraine prophylaxis?

In “de facto” method of census data collection, collected data based on which of the following?

A patient with tumor lysis syndrome has elevated uric acid levels. What is the mechanism of action of pegloticase?

Which of the following is the correct sequence in a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)?

A patient presents with GERD. Which drug helps in contraction of LES and increases gastric emptying?

Under the Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation scheme, what is the composition of IFA tablets given to children aged 10–19 years old?

What is the time interval between acquiring an infection and reaching the period of maximum infectivity is known as?

A patient with HIV develops tuberculosis. When should ART be initiated?

A patient with HIV is newly diagnosed with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Which of the following is the appropriate regimen, and what should the patient be monitored for?

A young boy presents with clinical signs of rickets. Which government program specifically addresses this type of nutritional deficiency?

A patient with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) requires treatment for prophylaxis. Which drug is appropriate?

A recently diagnosed HIV-positive patient with a CD4 count of 250 cells/mm³ also tests positive for active tuberculosis. He has not yet been started on ART. What is the correct approach to initiating treatment?

A patient is on salbutamol and ipratropium but continues to have nocturnal exacerbations of asthma. What is the next step?

A young adult presents with facial pain and painful vesicular lesions in the mouth. Tzanck smear reveals multinucleated giant cells with intranuclear inclusions. What is the most likely causative organism?

In a village, several people developed dysentery after consuming raw milk. On laboratory examination, gram-negative, curved rods with polymorphonuclear infiltration were found in stool samples. Which of the following is the most likely causative organism?

What is the most common cause for Squamous cell carcinoma at the base of the tongue?

A 5-year-old child presents with nocturnal perianal itching. The image below shows the organism identified on an adhesive tape test. Mother saw a worm?? What is the most likely causative agent?

A patient presents with a history of chronic meningitis. Laboratory findings shows Gram- positive, filamentous branching bacteria, Positive ZN stain, Growth on paraffin bait culture. Which of the following is the most likely causative organism?

A male patient presents with fever, cough, and hemoptysis. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid examination shows septate hyphae with acute angle (dichotomous) branching under microscopy. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Q. A patient with intense itchy vesicular lesion on extensor surface presents with history of gluten senstivity. Likely diagnosis?

A young adult presents with facial pain and painful vesicular lesions in the mouth. Tzanck smear reveals multinucleated giant cells with intranuclear inclusions. What is the most likely causative organism?

A patient presents with the injury shown in lateral X-ray of nose. What procedure can be done to manage this patient?

A patient presents with recurrent infections with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Which of the following investigations is most appropriate to evaluate the underlying immunodeficiency?

A 78-year-old male, known case of diabetes mellitus and hypertension presents with nasal bleeding. The initial management such as packing were not successful in controlling the bleed. Which of the following artery should be ligated to control the bleeding?

A farmer presents with an ulcerative skin lesion showing signs of necrosis. Smear from the ulcer stained with polychrome methylene blue reveals capsulated bacilli that are McFadyean reaction positive. What is the most likely causative organism?

A 16-year-old male presents with recurrent profuse nasal bleeding in the right nasal cavity. Endoscopy shows a globular mass in the right nasal cavity. CT shows bowing of the posterior wall of maxillary sinus. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A middle-aged man from an endemic region presents with progressive swelling of the lower limb. A peripheral blood smear shows the following structure. What is the most likely cause of his limb swelling?

A patient is brought to the emergency department with acute onset of severe abdominal pain, throat irritation followed by vomiting that contains blood and bile, and diarrhea that initially appears bloody but later becomes colorless, odorless, and rice-water-like. On examination, a distinct garlicky odor is noted in the breath.Which of the following is the most likely agent responsible for the poisoning?

A 27-year-old male presents with complaints of recurrent ear infection. Otoscopic examination shows central performation of tympanic membrane. Result of a tuning fork examination of a patient revealed the following: Rinne: -ve on left and +ve on Right; Weber: Lateralization on Left. What is the type and localization of Hearing loss?

A 16-year-old girl and a 23-year-old boy undergo medical examination following allegations of rape made by the girl’s parents. The girl states the sexual act was consensual, and no injuries are found on examination. According to the law, what is the legal status of the consent in this case?

A 75-year-old male, smoker presents with complains of hoarseness of voice, difficulty in swallowing. He has been diagnosed as large advanced SCC, and undergoes surgery. What is most appropriate surgical procedure done?

A 20-year-old patient presents with recurrent ear discharge. On otoscopic examination, the examiner notes complete absence of Tympanic membrane. What is the best option for treatment?

During autopsy, a body shows curved scratch marks below the right angle of the mandible, three grouped bruises on the left side of the neck below the thyroid cartilage, and additional bruises over the head, posterior shoulder, backside of the trunk, and hip crests. Fracture of the superior horn of the thyroid cartilage present. What is the most likely cause of death?

A man kills his office colleague and later claims he was experiencing delusions of persecution and other psychotic features at the time of the act. He now asserts that he is not guilty by reason of insanity.What is the most appropriate next step under medico-legal protocol?

During an autopsy of a 35-year-old female, the doctor noted bruises below the right angle of the jaw covered with scratches over the upper border and three group bruises on left side of neck below thyroid cartilage, and additional bruises over shoulder blade, backside of trunk and hip crests. What is the most likely cause of death?

The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act covers which of the following groups?

A 16-year-old girl and a 23-year-old man are medically examined after the girl’s parents accuse the man of rape. The girl reports that the sexual activity was consensual, and no physical injuries are noted. According to the law, which of the following is the correct statement?

A diabetic patient with COVID-19 dies in the hospital. Which type of surveillance does this death report fall under?

In the “De facto” method of census data collection, information is collected based on which of the following?

Under the POCSO Act 2012, which group is protected by the law?

During a Health Mela organized by a medical college, the Nalgonda technique for water purification was demonstrated. Which two chemicals are used in this technique?

A male patient with recent history of RTA was brought to hospital. His CT scan was normal, but he died within three hours of admission. His autopsy revealed retraction ball appearance and petechial hemorrhages in the corpus callosum. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following is the correct sequence of steps in a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)?

A 68-year-old female presented with breathlessness and poor health status. She also has multiple metastasis. On examination, she is awake and anxious. The doctors believed that aggressive chemotherapy, radiotherapy and ICU admission will not be helpful. However, her daughter insists on 'trying everything'. How should the attending doctor handle such a scenario?

Q. A 65-year-old patient with a history of atrial flutter is being considered for long- term prophylaxis to prevent recurrence. The cardiologist decides to start a calcium channel blocker for rate control and prevention of rapid ventricular response. Which calcium channel blocker is most appropriate for atrial flutter prophylaxis?

Q. A diabetic patient on insulin glargine and metformin has persistent hyperglycemia (HbA1c 8.3%) and signs of heart failure. Which is the most appropriate medication to add next?

A study is conducted to compare the mean hemoglobin (Hb) levels between two independent groups. Which statistical test is most appropriate?

Q. A patient with atrial fibrillation (AF) and mitral stenosis presents within 4 hours of symptom onset and is hemodynamically stable. What is the next best step?

Which mosquito larva has no siphon and rests parallel to the water surface?

A 2-year-old child presents to the emergency department with a generalized tonic- clonic seizure lasting 3 minutes associated with high fever (39.5°C). The child has no previous history of seizures or neurological problems. The seizure has now stopped, but the parents are concerned about recurrence. What is the most appropriate immediate management for this febrile seizure?

A 3-year-old child presents with difficulty in walking, bowing of legs, is underweight, and has minimal sun exposure. Which of the following government schemes addresses nutritional deficiencies in children under 6 years of age?

Q. 45-year-old female presents with a 6-month history of paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, palpitations, and breathlessness. On evaluation, her blood pressure and SpO₂ are within normal limits. Jugular venous pressure is elevated, and she has an irregularly irregular pulse. Examination reveals tender hepatomegaly, a heaving apex beat, and a mid- diastolic murmur heard at the apex. She also has a history of acute rheumatic fever. Which of the following statements is false?

A 15-year-old adolescent with known type 1 diabetes mellitus presents with fatigue, vomiting, and diarrhea. Laboratory findings reveal a random blood glucose level of 700 mg/dL, serum sodium of 125 mEq/L, and potassium of 4.2 mEq/L. Which of the following is NOT recommended during the initial management of this patient?

Which of the following is used to measure the degree of objective and target achievement, and assess the quality of results obtained in a health program?

A 36-year-old woman with symmetrical small joint arthritis tests positive for anti- CCP. Which histological feature is most characteristic?

Q. A 65-year-old man presents with enlarged hat size, shin pain, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and normal calcium and PTH levels. X-ray reveals mixed lytic and sclerotic bone lesions. What is the most likely diagnosis?

The time interval between acquiring an infection and reaching the period of maximum infectivity is known as?

In a district-level survey, the introduction of breast cancer screening showed an increased 5- year survival rate, but autopsy data revealed no change in mortality. What type of bias does this represent?

Q. A 42-year-old woman presents with enlarged hands, coarsened facial features, and an increased shoe size. Her IGF-1 level is elevated. Which of the following is the most specific test to confirm the diagnosis?

A 2-year-old male with a history of recurrent epistaxis presents with nasal obstruction for the past 1 year. On examination the presence of nasal mass and investigation shows bowing of the posterior wall of maxillary sinus. What is the probable diagnosis?

Q. A 54-year-old man with a history of chronic hyponatremia develops sudden-onset quadriparesis after rapid sodium correction. Which investigation is most appropriate to confirm the diagnosis?

A 72-year-old female smoker presents with a long history of hoarseness and difficulty swallowing. Laryngoscopy and biopsy confirm a large, advanced squamous cell carcinoma that involves both vocal cords and extends into the subglottic region and the thyroid cartilage. The tumor is not amenable to radiation therapy alone. Based on the extent and location of the tumor, which of the following surgical procedures is most appropriate to ensure complete tumor removal with adequate margins and control the disease?

Q. Which hormone is elevated in Addison’s disease, leading to hyperpigmentation?

A 30-year-old male presents to the clinic with a history of recurrent ear infections and a recent "popping" sensation in his left ear. Otoscopic examination of the left ear reveals a central perforation of the tympanic membrane. The pure tone audiometry (PTA) results show the following: Right Ear: Air conduction and bone conduction thresholds are within normal limits. Left Ear: A significant air-bone gap is present, with bone conduction thresholds within the normal range. Based on these findings, what is the most likely diagnosis regarding the type of hearing loss?

Q. A 50-year-old man presents with altered sensorium and deep labored breathing. ABG is given below. What is the most likely acid-base abnormality? pH: 7.20 pCO₂: 35 mmHg_x000B_HCO₃⁻: 16 mEq/L Na⁺: 130 mEq/L_x000B_Cl⁻: 84 mEq/L PaO₂: 80 mmHg

A patient presents to the emergency department with significant nasal trauma after a fall. Examination reveals a deviated nasal pyramid and palpation confirms crepitus and mobility of the nasal bones. A lateral nasal bone X-ray confirms a displaced nasal bone fracture. Which of the following instruments is specifically designed for the closed reduction of a displaced nasal bone fracture?

Q. A patient collapses with breathlessness and pink frothy sputum. Autopsy shows hemosiderin-laden macrophages. In which condition is this not seen?

A 45-year-old female presents with a 2-year history of progressive unilateral hearing loss, tinnitus, and unsteadiness. An MRI scan reveals a well-defined tumor located in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). A surgical resection is performed, and subsequent histopathological examination of the tumor tissue is given below. Based on these histopathological findings, what is the most likely diagnosis?

Q. A 14-year-old boy presents with fatigue, mild jaundice, and splenomegaly. His hemoglobin is 10.5 g/dL, MCV is 82 fL, and MCHC is high 37 g/dL. His father had a similar history of chronic anemia and underwent splenectomy. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A patient presents to the clinic with a history of chronic ear drainage and hearing loss for several months. Otoscopic examination reveals a central perforation of the tympanic membrane. Pure tone audiometry confirms a conductive hearing loss. Based on these findings, what is the most appropriate next step in the definitive management of this patient's condition?

A patient arrives with hypotension, fever, joint pain, petechiae on limbs, and respiratory distress. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 40-year-old patient presents with recurrent and severe nosebleeds from the anterior nasal septum. The bleeding has been refractory to nasal packing and chemical cautery. A decision is made to proceed with surgical ligation to control the bleeding. Which of the following arteries is the primary target for ligation in the management of this patient's anterior epistaxis?

A critically ill patient with COVID-19 is admitted to the ICU and is currently on mechanical ventilation. The PaO2/FiO2 ratio is 100, indicating severe ARDS. Which of the following is the most appropriate ventilatory strategy to manage this patient?

An elderly patient presents with white, dandruff-like deposits on the anterior lens surface, seen during slit-lamp examination. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Q. A 58-year-old patient has prolonged PT. Factor IX deficiency (vitamin K– dependent). Parenteral vitamin K planned. In which condition will this help?

Which condition is treated using an Intacs ring, as shown in the image?

Case of sudden onset Aphasia and right arm weakness for last 5 hours. Which is indicated investigation

A 15-year-old female presents with a painless, gradually increasing mass located lateral to the lateral canthus, present for the past 10 years. On examination, the mass is non-tender and slowly progressive. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A patient already on salbutamol and ipratropium continues to have nocturnal exacerbations of asthma. What is the next step?

A patient presents with guttate lesions in one eye and bullous keratopathy in the other eye. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Q. A 32-year-old male with history of recurrent paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is stable in sinus rhythm. What is the best choice for long-term prophylaxis?

A farmer presents with a necrotic ulcerative skin lesion. Microscopy using polychrome methylene blue stain reveals capsulated bacilli showing a positive McFadyean reaction. What is the most likely causative organism?

Which of the following is true about orbital cellulitis?

Which structural component of Group A Streptococcus enables its attachment to pharyngeal epithelium by binding to fibronectin?

A 15-year-old tall boy with long limbs presents to the OPD. On ocular examination, bilateral ectopia lentis is noted. Which gene is most likely affected in this inherited disorder?

Several residents in a village develop watery followed by bloody diarrhea after consuming unpasteurized milk. Stool microscopy reveals Gram-negative curved bacilli with polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Identify the most likely pathogen.

A child presents with developmental delay and coarsefacial features. Enzyme assay reveals a deficiency of α-L-iduronidase. Which of the following substances is most likely to accumulate in this condition?

A man presents with hemoptysis, fever, and breathlessness. Microscopic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage reveals septate hyphae with acute angle branching. Which fungal infection is most likely?

A 6-month-old infant presents with recurrent infections and failure to thrive. Laboratory investigations reveal a deficiency of adenosine deaminase (ADA). Which of the following immunodeficiency disorders is most likely associated?

A 5-year-old child presents with intense perianal itching, predominantly during nighttime. Microscopic examination reveals the following egg. Which organism is most likely responsible for the condition?

A case of barin abcess, reveals Gram-positive, branching, filamentous organisms on microscopy. The organism is weakly acid-fast and grows on paraffin bait media. Which is the most likely etiologic agent?

A 3-year-old child is brought to the emergency room with a generalized seizure following a high-grade fever. What is the first-line drug of choice for seizure control in this acute febrile setting?

A case of recurrent Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection is being evaluated. Which immunological investigation would best detect a complement pathway defect?

A man from an endemic region has developed progressive leg swelling. Peripheral smear reveals the following parasitic organism. Which pathophysiologic mechanism is most likely responsible?

A child presents with neurodegeneration and a cherry-red spot on fundus examination. Enzyme assay reveals hexosaminidase A deficiency. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 25-year-old sewage worker presents with fever lasting a week, followed by sudden weakness. He has scleral congestion, jaundice, and oliguria. Lab findings show raised bilirubin. What is the most likely diagnosis?

The pedigree diagram of a family is shown below. Affected individuals present with progressive external ophthalmoplegia, pigmentary retinopathy, and cardiac conduction defects. Based on the pedigree and clinical features, what is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following vials, as shown in the image, can be used for administering vaccines?

Child born with absent finger. Likely diagnosis?

In a woman with a regular 28-day menstrual cycle, which of the following best describes the typical hormonal profile during days 21 to 25 of the cycle?

G2L2 delivered at home by trained dai presents with uterine prolapse. Which structure is weak?

During a full-term vaginal delivery, an obstetrics resident is seen applying counterpressure above the pubic symphysis with one hand while gently pulling on the umbilical cord with the other. Which maneuver is being demonstrated in the image?

Gross image of cystadenocarcinoma, CA-125 positive, heaviness in abdomen. Diagnosis?

A 38-week pregnant woman in active labor with 5 cm cervical dilatation and regular contractions suddenly develops umbilical cord prolapse. What is the most appropriate immediate management?

Q. A 28-year-old pregnant woman at 34 weeks gestation is diagnosed with severe preeclampsia. The decision is made to start magnesium sulfate using the Pritchard regimen for seizure prophylaxis. What is the correct loading dose of magnesium sulfate in this regimen?

Sequence of repair of episiotomy:

A 36-week pregnant woman is diagnosed with preeclampsia and started on magnesium sulfate therapy. According to the Pritchard regimen, what is the total loading dose of magnesium sulfate administered initially?

During vaginal breech delivery, the baby develops winging of the scapula. Identify the maneuver used:

A woman develops atonic postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) after vaginal delivery that does not respond to initial medical management. What is the next best step in management in the labour room?

A resident is performing normal vaginal delivery. He is seen applying counterpressure above the pubic symphysis while gently pulling the umbilical cord. Which maneuver is being demonstrated?

A 65-year-old postmenopausal woman presents with painless vaginal bleeding. She has no history of hormone replacement therapy. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A postmenopausal woman presents with blood-stained discharge. Her BP is 170/100 mm Hg. What is the next best step?

A 32-year-old G2P1 woman with a previous cesarean section is undergoing a trial of vaginal delivery at 39 weeks. She is in active labor with 8 cm cervical dilation and fetal station at -1. Continuous fetal monitoring reveals fetal bradycardia, and maternal pulse is 110/min. What is the most appropriate next step in management?

Q. A 65-year-old postmenopausal woman presents with bleeding per vagina. She undergoes a total hysterectomy. What is the most likely diagnosis?

In managing shoulder dystocia during vaginal delivery, which of the following is the correct sequence of maneuvers?

Postpartum anticoagulant of choice:

In the repair of a mediolateral episiotomy, what is the correct order of tissue closure?

A 36-year-old P2L2 with 9 months secondary amenorrhea has FSH 36, LH 56, AMH 0.5. What is the diagnosis?

A 46-year-old woman presents with heavy menstrual bleeding. USG shows endometrial thickness of 16 mm. Next best step?

A 62-year-old postmenopausal woman with a history of hypertension presents with vaginal bleeding. Her blood pressure is 170/100 mmHg. What is the most appropriate next step in management?

Atonic PPH not responding to medical management. Next best step?

A 36-year-old woman presents with secondary amenorrhea for the past 8 months. Laboratory investigations reveal FSH of 36 IU/L and AMH of 0.05 ng/mL. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Correct order of maneuvers in shoulder dystocia:

A woman presents for her first antenatal visit and reports that her LMP was approximately 2 months ago. Which ultrasound parameter is the most accurate for dating the pregnancy at this stage?

A 30 yr old G2P1 woman present in labor. Previous cesarean, active labor, fetal bradycardia, maternal tachycardia, cervix 8 cm. Next step?

A woman is diagnosed with a pituitary microadenoma and has elevated serum prolactin levels. She presents with secondary amenorrhea and infertility. What is the most likely mechanism by which hyperprolactinemia causes these symptoms?

Day 21 of 28-day cycle. Which hormone profile is correct?

A female in labor presents with cord prolapse. What is the next best step?

A pregnant woman is undergoing a vaginal breech delivery. After delivering the baby’s body up to the umbilicus, the obstetrician notices winging of the baby’s scapula. To facilitate safe delivery of the baby’s shoulders and head, which of the following maneuvers is most appropriate?

Cervical cancer with hydronephrosis. FIGO stage?

A woman comes to the clinic with breast tenderness, presence of linea nigra on her abdomen, and a bluish discoloration of the cervix. What is the most likely clinical interpretation of these findings?

A woman presents with amenorrhea, linea nigra, nausea, vomiting, bluish vagina. These are:

A 28-year-old primigravida woman with a history of preeclampsia undergoes a cesarean section at term. Her BMI is 37. She is currently stable in the postnatal ward.Which of the following is the most appropriate prophylaxis to prevent thrombosis for this patient?

During a clinical examination, a senior resident asks an intern to examine the umbilical cord. How many arteries and veins are normally present in a healthy umbilical cord?

A woman is first antenatal visit reports LMP 2 months ago. Which ultrasound parameter is most accurate for dating pregnancy at this stage.

A 30-year-old female was brought to EMR after fire on examination of lower limb full- thickness burns and deep partial-thickness burns were present involving it Circumferentially, procedure was performed as given below, identify the procedure?

36 weeks pregnant, ↓fetal movements. NST 1 accel, no decel in 20 min. Next step?

An elderly patient presents with white dandruff-like deposits on the anterior lens capsule seen on slit-lamp examination. What is the most likely diagnosis?

The device shown in the image is “INTACS.” What is the primary indication for its use?

A 43-year-old female present to OPD due changes in breast changes in breast and a lump in breast as given below, what is the diagnosis?

A 16-year-old female presents with a gradually enlarging, painless orbital swelling that has persisted for 10 years. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A patient presents with guttate lesions in one eye and bullous keratopathy in the other. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Q. A 27-year-old individual presents with chronic lower back pain that improves with physical activity and is associated with early morning stiffness. There is a past history of anterior uveitis. A recent X-ray of the sacroiliac joints appears normal. What is the most appropriate next step in evaluation?

30-year male old patient presents to OPD with complaints of recurrent headache and nausea, MRI brain shown. What is the diagnosis?

A 25-year old patient who had a Road traffic accident was initially conscious but later became unconscious and subsequently died. On postmortem examination, multiple petechial Others hemorrhages are seen in the corpus callosum, what is the probable diagnosis?

What is true about the investigation shown below?

A 25-year-old male presents to the emergency department following a motorbike accident. He has sustained a closed midshaft tibial fracture. Six hours later, he complains of severe pain disproportionate to the injury, which worsens with passive dorsiflexion. The pain is not relieved by analgesics. Distal pulses are palpable, but there is loss of sensation in the first web space. What is the most appropriate next step in management?

"Based on the image provided, what is the most appropriate confirmatory investigation?"

A male patient sustains a road traffic accident with closed midshaft fractures of the femur and tibia. Two days later, he develops breathlessness, tachycardia, and petechial rash on the chest and conjunctiva. What is the most probable diagnosis?

What is the most probable diagnosis based on the image provided?

Which is the earliest imaging modality used to detect ankylosing spondylitis?

A 45-year-old male presents with discomfort in his joints. Synovial fluid aspiration reveals Rhomboid shaped positively birefringent crystals under polarized light microscopy. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 35-year-old male undergoing abdominal surgery under general anesthesia develops sudden generalized muscle rigidity, rapid increase in body temperature, and tachycardia shortly after administration of sevoflurane and succinylcholine. His end-tidal CO₂ is rising despite controlled ventilation. What is the most appropriate immediate treatment?

Q. Which of the following types of cell death involves activation of caspase enzymes?

A patient undergoing surgery receives a muscle relaxant and soon develops flushing and rashes over the neck and anterior chest. Which of the following muscle relaxants is most commonly associated with this reaction?

Q. Anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA) is most commonly seen in:

Q. A 68-year-old man presents with complaints of persistent fatigue. On examination, there is generalized lymphadenopathy. CBC shows leukocytosis with an absolute lymphocyte count of 35,000/µL. Which of the following is the investigation of choice to confirm the diagnosis and determine CD markers of CLL?

A 40-year-old man presents with discomfort in one of his joints. Synovial fluid aspiration reveals rhomboid-shaped, positively birefringent crystals under polarized light microscopy. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Q. A 35-year-old woman undergoes abdominal imaging for nonspecific RUQ pain. A liver mass is identified and surgically excised. The gross specimen is shown below. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 20-year-old man presents with chronic back pain that is worse in the morning and improves with physical activity. He also has a history of anterior uveitis. A lumbar spine X-ray shows no abnormalities. Which of the following is the most appropriate next investigation for early diagnosis?

Q. A patient with H/o cough chest pain and dyspnea. Imaging reveals giant cells granuloma formation and stellate inclusions. Likely diagnosis?

A 60-year-old patient presents with pain in multiple bones and a history of increased hat size. On examination, some bones feel warm to touch. Biochemical investigations show normal serum calcium, phosphate, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, but markedly elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP). What is the most likely diagnosis?

Q. A very tall man presents with visual problems and is found to have ectopia lentis on ophthalmological evaluation. Which gene is most likely defective in this patient?

A 25-year-old man presents to the emergency department following a motorbike accident and is found to have a closed midshaft fracture of the left tibia. Six hours later, he develops severe leg pain that is disproportionate to the injury and worsens with passive dorsiflexion of the foot. The pain is not relieved by analgesics. On examination, dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses are present, but there is no sensation over the first dorsal webspace. What is the most appropriate next step in management?

Q. A patient presents with hearing loss and balance problems. Histopathology of the lesion shows Antony A and Antony B areas and Verocay bodies. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Q. A child presents with visual disturbances and delayed growth. Imaging reveals a suprasellar mass, and histopathology shows the presence of wet keratin compact, eosinophilic anucleate keratin. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A female patient presents with flashbacks and a history of forgetting about her father's death in a road traffic accident 2 weeks ago. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A person was found in a bizarre location, appearing confused. The caretaker reports he had no memory of how he got there, and the patient is unaware of his travel to the location. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Q. Which of the following lab techniques is most commonly used to compare and quantify CD markers in cells.

A man is extremely particular about being on time and consistently shows a strong need for order, control, and perfectionism. Which personality disorder does this behavior most likely suggest?

Q. Anti SCL 70 antibody is most strongly associated with

Q. A 30-year-old man presents with a painless testicular mass. An ultrasound shows a well-circumscribed, homogeneous, non-hemorrhagic tumor. Histology is shown. What is the likely diagnosis?

A man reports that he is receiving orders from God to follow white birds in a specific direction. What is the most appropriate description of this symptom?

Q. A lymphoma characterized by the presence of centrocytes and centroblasts, along with BCL2 positivity and CD10 expression, is most commonly associated with which chromosomal translocation?

A man killed a person and is being questioned about what actions will be taken against him. What is the first step in managing such a case?

A 25-year-old male was injured during an earthquake. A social worker reports that he was later found in another town, and the man has no memory of how he got there or of his personal identity. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Q. A 68-year-old man presents with bleeding. Peripheral smear shows a “faggot cell.” Which translocation is associated?

Q. A middle-aged woman presents with dry eyes and mouth. Laboratory tests reveal positive anti-Ro (SSA) and anti-La (SSB) antibodies. What is the most likely underlying pathological mechanism?

A woman presents with pruritic rash on the elbows, buttocks with recent diagnosis of gluten sensitive enteropathy. On immunofluorescence IgA deposition is seen as shown in the image. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Q. A patient has a neck mass with odynophagia and dyspnea. Histology shows amyloid deposition. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A patient presents with an indurated plaque on the cheek with central atrophy. Chest X-ray reveals apical calcification. Which of the following tests is most appropriate to confirm the diagnosis?

A 3-year-old child is brought to the emergency department with generalized convulsions following a high-grade fever. Which of the following is the most appropriate first-line medication to manage seizures in this acute febrile episode?

Most common cause of squamous cell carcinoma at the base of the tongue is:

A 2-year-old child has choked on a peanut. What is the most appropriate immediate management?

A child demonstrates progressive neurological decline and a cherry-red spot-on fundus examination. Enzyme analysis reveals a deficiency in hexosaminidase A. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A child with coarse facial features and developmental delay is found to have a deficiency of α-L-iduronidase on enzyme testing. Which substances are expected to accumulate in this disorder?

A 7-month-old infant has just started complementary feeding using the 'katori method.' What is the recommended quantity and frequency of feeding during the first day?

A 1-day-old newborn with significant respiratory distress is admitted to the ICU. Chest radiograph is performed. What is the most probable diagnosis based on the clinical and radiological findings?

Which receptor does Benralizumab act on?

What is the drug of choice for chemoprophylaxis in close contacts of a patient diagnosed with meningococcal meningitis?

Which of the following, if given in large volumes, can lead to hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis?

Q. A 60-year-old man with ischemic cardiomyopathy and palpitations is started on amiodarone. Which phase of the cardiac action potential is its primary site of action?

Q. A patient presents with headache, palpatations and diaphoresis with elevated 24- hour urine metanephrine levels. Which of drug is given preoperatively

A 35-year-old woman is diagnosed with migraine and has a family history of coronary artery disease. She has been previously treated with sumatriptan. What is the drug of choice for migraine prophylaxis?

A patient with tumor lysis syndrome has elevated uric acid levels and is prescribed with Pegloticase. What is the mechanism of action of Pegloticase?

A 40-year-old male patient presents with GERD. Which of the following drug helps in contraction of Lower esophageal sphincter and increase in gastric emptying?

A patient presents with following lesions and have burning sensations on eating spicy food. Which of the following drug is responsible here?

A patient with history of hypertension presents with renal stones. He was started on hydrochlorothiazide. Which statement is true regarding the choice of drug?

A patient has the following Starling forces measured at the capillary level: Capillary hydrostatic pressure: 18 mmHg Capillary oncotic pressure: 27 mmHg Interstitial oncotic pressure: 7 mmHg. If there is no net movement of fluid across the capillary wall, what is the value of the interstitial hydrostatic pressure?

A patient flying to high altitude (3700 m) develops headache, nausea, dyspnea, and dizziness. What explains these symptoms?

In an experimental study, blood glucose levels were elevated to 2–3 times the normal and maintained at that level. What is the most likely pattern of insulin secretion in response?

A patient presents with fatigue, muscle cramps, and strong salt cravings. What is the most likely diagnosis?

What acid-base disturbance is expected in a person trekking at high altitude due to hyperventilation?

A woman presenting with amenorrhea and galactorrhea is diagnosed with a pituitary adenoma and elevated prolactin levels. What is the most likely cause of her amenorrhea?

Schizophrenia patient on haloperidol was responding well for last 2 years. Now presented with orofacial dyskinesia, choreiform, tick like movements, and dystonia features. What can be the probable diagnosis and treatment?

A patient says that he follows the way birds fly whenever he is in an open place because god is giving him instructions through the birds. What is the diagnosis?

Mr. K was brought to a psychiatrist by his friend, saying that Mr. K needs everything to be in perfect order and has difficulty in getting rid of things stored with him, both of which are affecting his work quality. He is a perfectionist. However, Mr. K denies such complaints. What is the diagnosis?

A patient is brought in by a social worker after a recent earthquake. He has been living in a town different from his place of origin and is unaware of how he traveled 110 km away from home. He cannot recall his identity. There’s no substance abuse history. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 21-year-old female presents with amnesia of events following her father's death in a road traffic accident. Symptoms have persisted for 2 weeks, and she experiences flashbacks. What is the most probable diagnosis?

What is correct regarding the image shown?

What is the most appropriate diagnosis for the image below?

A 35-year-old male presents with complaint of recurrent headaches. On further investigation, the following MRI was received. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 32-year-old male presents with dysphagia and regurgitation. A barium swallow image is shown. Which investigation is considered the gold standard for confirming the diagnosis?

A patient presents with dyspnea and tachycardia 7 days after undergoing knee replacement surgery. Which investigation will confirm the diagnosis?

Q. A 35-year-old man diagnosed with pheochromocytoma is scheduled for surgery. Which medication should be given as preoperative preparation?

A 50-year-old patient presents with a slowly growing, painless neck mass at the angle of the mandible... 'Lyre's sign' is observed. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 35-year-old male with stab wound to epigastrium, hypotension, guarding. What is the immediate intervention of choice?

Based on Park’s classification, identify the type of anorectal fistula shown in the image.

A 56-year-old with chronic venous changes in lower limb. Which statement is true?

Regarding polydioxanone suture material, which of the following is accurate?

A known case of anal carcinoma with mass near the anal opening comes for a follow up. Which of the following lymph nodes are most like involved?